What is Discussion?
1.
Definition
of Discussion
Discussion is a text which present a
problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different
viewpoints. Discussion is commonly found in philosophical, historic, and social
text.
2.
Generic
Structure of Discussion
·
Statement
of issue; stating the issue which is to discussed
·
List of
supporting points; presenting the point in in supporting the presented issue
·
List of
contrastive point; presenting other points which disagree to the supporting
point
·
Recommendation;
stating the writer' recommendation of the discourse
3.
Language
Feature of Discussion
·
Introducing
category or generic participant
·
Using
thinking verb; feel, hope, believe, etc
·
Using
additive, contrastive, and causal connection; similarly, on the hand, however,
etc
·
Using
modalities; must, should, could, may, etc
·
Using
adverbial of manner; deliberately, hopefully, etc
4.
Examples
and structures of the text
Homework
|
|
Issue
|
I have been
wondering if homework is necessary.
|
Statement of issue and Preview
|
I think we
should have homework because it helps us to learn and revise our work.
Homework helps
people who aren’t very smart to remember what they have learned. Homework is
really good because it helps with our education.
|
Statement of various viewpoints
|
But, many
times, doing homework is not a great idea. I think we shouldn’t have homework
because I like to go out after school to a restaurant or the movies.
Sometimes homework is boring and not important.
I think
homework is bad because I like to play and discuss things with my family.
|
The
Advantage and Disadvantage of Nuclear Power
Nuclear power is
generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world.
The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
Some military
ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power
produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of
energy. It cause no pollution as we would get when burning fossil fuels. The
advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:
- It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make.
- It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
- It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.
- It produces small amount of waste.
- It is reliable.
On the other
hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried
for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it
is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go
wrong, a nuclear accident ca be a major accident.
People are
increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's nuclear power was the
fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world.
Note on the Generic
Structure of Discussion Text
Discussion
is a process to find the meet point between two different ideas. It is
important to to get the understanding between the two differences. In many
social activities, discussion is the effective way to calm down any friction
and difference in thought, perception and recommendation.
This
example of discussion text present the two poles, between the advantage and
disadvantage of using nuclear plant to fulfill the energy needed. It is a case
which need to be talked and discussed from two points. They are represented in
the generic structure which is used:
Stating the Issue: In the first paragraph, it is stated that using nuclear power can be
the choice in fulfilling the needed energy.
Supporting Point: In the second paragraph, it is presented the advantages of nuclear
power plant to be used as the source of the world's energy needed
Contrastive Point: The third paragraph shows the balance. It gives the contradictory idea
in using nuclear power plant as the resource of energy.
Recommendation: This text is ended with a similar recommendation on how people should
concern in the matter of nuclear energy.
Foxhunting is a
subject that provokes very strong feelings. Many people believe that it is
cruel to hunt a fox with dogs and totally agree with its ban.
Many farmer and
even conservationists, however, have always argue that the fox is a pest which
attacks livestock and must be controlled.
(Taken from: www.bbc.co.uk)
Generic Structure Analysis
Stating the issue; hunting fox.
Supporting point; farmers and conservationists agree to hunt fox because they attack
livestok.
Contrastive point; many people disagree hunting fox with dog because it is cruel.
Recommendation; Do not be cruel in hunting fox just control it in safe way.
Language Feature Analysis
Introducing category
participant; farmer, conservationists.
Using thinking verb; believe.
Using connectives;
Using modalities; must, always
Discussion (Pembahasan)
Ciri Umum:
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif
Teks:
Mengetengahkan suatu masalah (isu) yang ditinjau
paling tidak dari 2 (dua) sudut pandang, sebelum sampai pada suatu kesimpulan atau
rekomendasi.
(b)
Struktur Teks/Generic structure
ü Isu;(statement of
issue and Preview)
ü Pendapat yang
mendukung:
§ Gagasan Pokok 1,
§ Elaborasi
(uraian),
§ Gagasan Pokok 2,
§ Elaborasi
(uraian).
ü Pendapat yang
menentang:(Statement of various viewpoints)
§ Gagasan Pokok,
§ Elaborasi
(uraian),
ü Kesimpulan.(conclusion
or recomendation)
(c)
Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
·
general nouns untuk menyatakan kategori, misalnya uniforms,
alcohol, dsb,
·
relating verbs untuk memberi informasi tentang isu yang
didiskusikan, misalnya smoking is harmful, dsb.
·
thinking verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis,
misalnya feel, believe, hope, dsb.
·
additives, contrastives dan causal connectives untuk menghubungkan
argumen, misalnya similarly, on the hand, however, dsb.
·
detailed noun groups untuk memberikan informasi secara padu, misalnya the
dumping of unwanted kittens, dsb.
·
modalities, seperti perhaps, must, should, should
have been, could be, dsb.
·
adverbials of maner, misalnya deliberately,
hopefully, dsb.
