Narrative Text

Narrative Text

(Teks Narative)

Definition of Narrative (Definisi Teks Narrative)

Narrative is a text focusing specific participants. Its social function is to tell stories or past events and entertain the readers. (Teks narrative adalah sebuah teks yang fokus bercerita tentang tokoh utama. Tujuan umu dari teks ini adalah untuk menceritakan tentang kejadian yang telah lampau dan untuk menghibur para pembaca di selingi dengan nilai moral).  

Generic Structure of Narrative (Struktur Umum)

A narrative text will consists of the following structure (Sebuah Teks narrative terdiri dari struktur sebgai berikut):

1. Orientation: Introducing the participants and informing the time and the place (Pengenalan: Pengenalan tokoh, waktu dan tempat)  

2. Complication: Describing the rising crises which the participants have to do with (Konflik: menggambarkan masalah yang dialami oleh tokoh utama.

3. Resolution: Showing the way of participant to solve the crises, better or worse (Pemecahan Konflik: menunjukan cara Tokoh utama memecahkan masalah, baik atau buruk hasil akhirnya)

Language Features of Narrative (Ciri Kebahasaan)

· Menggunakan adjectives yang membentuk noun pharase, misalnya long black hair, two red apples, dsb.

· Menggunakan temporal conjunction, untuk mengurutkan kejadian misalnya Then, before that, soon, dsb.

· Menggunakan Simple Past Tense untuk mengungkapkan kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau.

Example /Contoh :

Malin Kundang

A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang's father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang had to live hard with his mother.

Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town.
One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant's ship which was being raided by a small band of pirates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates. The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone.

Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”.

An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang’s mother. She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her "Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!" After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness.

Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn't apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail.

In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly, he turned into a stone.

(Re-written from www.st.rim.or.jp)

Narrative Analysis on Generic Structure

Many believe that a story can teach a society certain moral value. Most stories are build in narrative. Because it is a narrative story, it must consists of complication. That complication, in fact, is the moral value which like to be taught.
Orientation;

The first paragraph is set to be the story introduction. Reading the orientation, reader will know that the story is characterized with Malin Kundang and his mother. Wes Sumatra is set as the place.
Complication;

This is the main element of narrative story. From the Malin Kundang myth, we know that there are more than one complication. Many stories are composed with multi complications. They are minor complication and major complication. When Malin Kundang and her mother did life hard, it can be the minor complication. this hard life in the first time was solved by his successful trading as new merchant. However this narrative sotry is more interesting when we see the major complication among the participants- Malin Kundang denied his mother after being successful merchant. In every story, complication must be ended; happy ending or sad one
Resolution; 

this is the end of the story, the sad ending one. Malin Kundang faces his curse of turning into a stone